New York’s Shakespeare Riot
In 1849, upwards of 10,000 New Yorkers took to the streets of lower Manhattan in an ugly mood, determined to defend American Shakespeare against the invading Brits. More precisely, they were out to defend American actor Edwin Forrest’s reputation as the greatest Macbeth of the age. Rather unwisely, visiting English celebrity William Charles Macready had chosen to challenge Forrest head-on by starring in the same role in a rival production at the Astor Place Opera House. Forrest was rumbustious in style; Macready was restrained and aristocratic. The Americans, including a fair number of Irish immigrants happy for any excuse to whack the English, surrounded Macready’s theater.
Edwin Forrest as Macbeth
Unknown Photographer, before 1872New York Public Library Digital Gallery
As bricks and paving stones sailed through the air, Macready escaped in disguise. Ordered to defend the Opera House and those inside, the police and the New York militia fired into the crowd, leaving at least 25 dead and many more injured.
The Astor Place Riot remains one of the worst urban riots in American history — and a prime example of the legendary curse of “The Scottish Play.”
From Bricks to Starbucks
I couldn’t resist including the story of the riot in Haunt Me Still, especially after I discovered that the site of the old Astor Place Opera House is now occupied by a new condo building, complete with a Starbucks. Kate simply had to go there, though at first I had no idea how or why. I did, however, send some New Yorker friends scouting the streets of lower Manhattan for me. (Thanks, Eric, Bill, and Rene.)
A great read on the subject is Nigel Cliff’s The Shakespeare Riots: Revenge, Drama, and Death in Nineteenth-Century America (2007).
I’m also partial to my own exploration of Shakespeare’s popularity in the wilder parts of 19th-century America in “How the Bard Won the West.”
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